Oral lead room

1.Lead room size：

The "Medical X-ray Diagnostic Health Protection Standards" stipulate the minimum effective use area and the minimum unilateral length of various types of lead rooms, and this area requirement is also one of the indicators of lead room acceptance.

X-ray equipment lead room use area and unilateral length

2.Protective materials：

The focus of oral lead room protection is X-ray, and the commonly used protective materials are lead plate and barium sulfate coating. There are many differences between the two materials in terms of cost and use effect.

No matter what kind of protective material is selected, the application of protective material should be carried out as shown in the figure below.

The wall should be concrete pouring or ordinary brick wall structure, and have sufficient thickness.In order to facilitate the construction of radiation protection and the installation of equipment belts, hollow bricks should not be used.

Diagram of radiation protection material for lead room of radiology equipment.

3.Ground and water supply and drainage:

1. the ground: the lead room ground requirements are flat (it is recommended to level the treatment, the height difference within 1 meter length ≤5mm), smooth, dust-free, sturdy, can effectively withstand the load, to prevent the base from sinking. This is conducive to shooting positioning, reducing image error, and according to the needs of equipment installation, do a good job of cable trenches and trench covers in advance, and embed lines to connect computers and exposure handles outside the lead room.

2. Water supply and drainage: There should be no water pipes crossing the lead room.

4.Lead door and observation window protection requirements:

1.Protection design requirements for X-ray lead room windows:

According to 5.3 of the "Medical Diagnostic X-ray Hygiene Protection Standard" (GBZ131-2002), "the treatment room must have equipment for observation and treatment (such as industrial televisions or observation windows). The viewing window should be set on the wall in the direction of the unused harness and have a shielding effect of the same side wall. 

Therefore, doors and windows corresponding to effective (direct) rays shall have a lead equivalent of not less than 4.0 mm of shielding thickness; doors and windows corresponding to scattered rays shall have a lead equivalent of not less than 2.5 mm of lead shielding thickness. The installation equipment should be as close as possible to the center of the inner wall of the room, which can reduce the corresponding effective rays of the doors and windows.

2.Protection design requirements for X-ray lead door:

"Medical Diagnostic X-ray Health Protection Standards" (GBZ131-2002) 4.5.5 clearly stipulates: "The protective door of the treatment room must be interlocked with the working state of the treatment machine, and irradiation can only be performed when the door of the treatment room is closed; Accidental opening of the protective door will interrupt the irradiation. Precautions should be taken to prevent accidental opening of the protective door during irradiation, and there should be a corresponding display on the console at this time.” Therefore, the door of the medical diagnostic X-ray lead room must be equipped with a safety warning device, and there should be eye-catching irradiation status indicators and ionizing radiation warning signs near the door.

Standards may vary by region, so it is recommended to consult the relevant local authorities.

5.ventilate:

X-ray lead room generally adopts a closed design, in order to ensure that the environment is relatively clean, the exchange of fresh air with the outdoors prevents the accumulation of moisture in the lead room and affects the operation of the equipment.In general, it is necessary to install an exhaust fan on the top of the lead room or on the wall of the non-useful wiring harness, and use a 3mm lead protective cover at the exhaust opening for protective treatment.

6.Lead room acceptance:

1. Pre-evaluation: including whether the size of the lead room and the location meet the relevant standards.Generally, a third-party testing agency designated by the Health Commission will conduct an assessment, and the construction can be carried out after passing. Many dental clinics ignore the step of pre-evaluation, resulting in acceptance failure and re-rectification.

2.Control and evaluation: After the installation and commissioning of the equipment, the third-party testing agency will detect whether the relevant radiation meets the national standards.After the test is passed, a report is issued, and the clinic can obtain a radiation certificate issued by the Health Commission with the report, and the equipment can be put into use.

Standards may vary by region, so it is recommended to consult the relevant local authorities.